CHEST Guidelines-The-Optimizing-Lung-Screening-Trial-(WF-20817CD)

The-Optimizing-Lung-Screening-Trial-(WF-20817CD)_2

Pdf Summary

The Optimizing Lung Screening Trial (OaSiS) aimed to enhance tobacco cessation for patients undergoing lung cancer screening (LCS) at radiology facilities. Despite the importance of integrating tobacco cessation into LCS to maximize public health benefits, few studies have explored implementing effective treatments during LCS. The trial involved 26 radiology facilities across 20 states, randomized into intervention and control groups. Eligible patients, aged 55-77, who were current tobacco users, participated in the study. <br /><br />The study employed a cluster randomized format, emphasizing equal focus on implementation and effectiveness. Intervention facilities adopted various strategies to incorporate tobacco cessation support into their workflows, using existing resources. A baseline survey was conducted with 1,094 participants, followed by a 6-month follow-up, achieving an 86% retention rate.<br /><br />Results showed that the average tobacco cessation rate increased significantly from 0% at baseline to 13% at 6 months. However, there was no significant difference in cessation rates between the intervention and control groups at various points up to 6 months. This indicates that while the intervention led to increased tobacco cessation over time, the methods employed across different facilities varied in effectiveness, potentially due to differences in implementation strategies and existing cessation support services at baseline.<br /><br />Key takeaways from the trial include the potential of LCS as a venue for introducing tobacco use treatment, although radiology facilities showed wide variation in adoption and sustainability of evidence-based treatments. The study suggests that future efforts should focus on pragmatic trials allowing for site-level adaptation of cessation support, emphasizing highly effective treatments like pharmacotherapy and counseling to be incorporated into LCS programs.

Keywords

lung cancer screening

tobacco cessation

OaSiS trial

radiology facilities

cluster randomized

intervention strategies

public health

pharmacotherapy

counseling

evidence-based treatments